《普通语言学纲要》内容简介

普通语言学及其研究领域；语言学史，包括传统语言学、历史比较语言学和现代语言学；语言学流派及其理论方法，包括描写语言学、功能语言学、结构主义语言学、转换生成语法等；语言结构系统，包括音系学、形态学、句法学、语义学和语用学；语言学与相关学科的关系，包括心理语言学、人类语言学、社会语言学和应用语言学等。
刘振聪：应用语言学博士，现为北京第二外国语学院应用英语学院副教授、硕士生导师。学术兼职：北京第二外国语学院学术委员会应用英语学院分会委员，北京联合大学客座教授。主要研究领域包括普通语言学、认知语言学、跨文化交际、英语教学理论与实践、翻译理论与实践等，主持或参与教育部师范司“英语教学研究与论文写作”项目等多项省部级、校级教学科研项目和其它横向联系项目，在《外语教学与研究》、《英语教学》、《山东外语教学》等刊物发表论文20余篇，主编、参编教材、辞典多部。

作品目录

前言
Chapter
1、Language
and
Linguistics
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Linguistics?
2.The
Branches
of
Linguistic
3.Important
Distinctions
in
Linguistics
4.What
Is
Language?
5.Design
Features
of
Language
6.Origin
of
Language
7.Functions
of
Language
CASE
STUDY
The
Tower
of
Babel
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
2、Phonetics
and
Phonology
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Phonetics?
2.Organs
of
Speech
3.Broad
and
Narrow
Transcriptions
4.Classification
of
English
Speech
Sound
5.Classification
of
English
Vowel
6.What
Is
Phonology?
7.Phone,Phoneme,and
Allophone
8.Phonemic
Contrast,Complementary
Distribution,and
Minimal
Pair
9.Some
Rules
in
Phonology
10.Suprasegmental
Features
CASE
STUDY
What
Can
Phonetics
and
Phonology
Do
Solve
Crime?!
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
3、Morphology
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Morphology?
2.Word
Class,Open
Class
and
Closed
Class
3.Morpheme（词素）,Allomorph（词素变体）,Free
and
Bound
Morpheme,Root,Affix,Stem,Prefix
and
Suff
4.Derivational
and
Inflectional
Morphem
5.Morphological
Rules
and
Word
Formation
6.Compounds（复合词）
7.Derivation（派生词）
8.Conversion（转换词）
9.Backformation（逆构词法）
10.Clipping（截断法）
11.Blending（混合词）
12.Acronym（首字母缩略词）
13.Initialism（首字母组合）
14.Invention
15.Borrowing
CASE
STUDY
Enlarge
English
Vocabulary
through
Mobile
Apps
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
4、Semantics
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Semantics?
2.Some
Views
on
Meaning
3.Sense
and
Reference
4.Seven
Types
of
Meaning
5.Semantic
Fields
6.Componential
Analysis
7.Major
Sense
Relations
Between
Words
8.Sentence
and
Proposition
9.Semantic
Roles
10.Predication
Analysis
11.Semantic
Relationships
Between
Sentences
CASE
STUDY
Meaning
of
Colors
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
5、Syntax
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Syntax?
2.Word-level
Categories
3.The
Prescriptive
Approac
4.The
Descriptive
Approac
5.Constituent
Structure
Grammar
6.Systemic
Functional
Grammar
7.Phrase
Categories
and
Phrase
Structures
8.Phrase
Structure
Rule
9.The
S
Rule:S→NP
V
10.Transformations
CASE
STUDY
Shuōwén
Jiěz?
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
6、Pragmatics
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Pragmatics?
2.Sentence
Meaning
and
Utterance
Meaning
3.Micropragmatics
and
Macropragmatics
4.Reference
5.Deixis
6.Anaphora
7.Presupposition
8.Speech
Act
Theor
9.Classification
of
Illocutionary
Act
10.Indirect
Speech
Acts
11.The
Cooperative
Principle
and
Its
Maxim
12.Conversational
Implicatures
13.The
Politeness
Principl
14.Relevance
Theor
CASE
STUDY
The
Violation
of
the
Maxim
of
Quality
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
7、Discourse
Analysis
Introduction:
1.What
Is
Discourse
and
Discourse
Analysis?
2.Information
Structure
3.Cohesion
4.Coherence
5.Discourse
Markers
6.Conversational
Analysis
7.Critical
Discourse
Analysis
CASE
STUDY
Joke:How
Man
Differs
from
Woman
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
8、Schools
of
Linguistics
Introduction:
1.Traditional
Grammars
2.Saussure
and
Modern
Linguistics
3.The
Prague
Schoo
4.The
London
Schoo
5.American
Structuralism
6.Chomsky’s
Transformational-Generative
Grammar
7.Case
Grammar
8.Generative
Semantics
CASE
STUDY
International
Mother
Language
Day
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
9、Teaching
Methodology
and
Testing
Introduction:
1.The
Grammar-Translation
Method
2.The
Direct
Metho
3.The
Audio-Lingual
Metho
4.Situational
Language
Teaching
5.Functional
Language
Teaching
6.Communicative
Language
Teaching
7.Classification
of
Tes
8.The
Main
Types
of
Language
Test
9.Principles
of
Language
Testing
CASE
STUDY
Coursera
and
Netease’s
Open
Class
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
10、First
and
Second
Language
Acquisition
Introduction:
1.Theories
of
Child
Language
Acquisitio
2.Factors
in
Child
Language
Development
3.Stages
of
Acquiring
the
First
Language
4.Atypical
Development
of
Child
Language
5.The
Relationship
Between
First
and
Second
Language
Acquisition
6.Contrastive
Analysis
7.Error
Analysis（EA）
8.Interlanguage
9.SLA
Models
and
Input
Hypothesis
10.Individual
Difference
CASE
STUDY
Poverty
of
the
Stimulus
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
11、Cognitive
Linguistics
Introduction:
1.Categorization
and
Categories
2.The
Classical
Theory
of
Categorizati
3.The
Prototype
Theory
of
Categorizati
4.Levels
of
Categorization
5.Conceptual
Metaphor
6.Conceptual
Metonymy
7.Image
Schemas
8.Iconicity
9.Grammaticalization
CASE
STUDY
Metaphors
We
Live
By
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
12、Language
and
Culture
Introduction:
1.The
Definition
of
Cultu
2.The
Relationship
between
Language
and
Cultur
3.The
Sapir-Whorf
Hypothesi
4.Cultural
Difference
5.The
Significance
of
Cultural
Teaching
and
Learni
6.Cultural
Overlap
and
Diffusio
7.Cross-cultural
Communication
CASE
STUDY
Chinese
Dragon
vs.Western
Dragon
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
13、Sociolinguistics
Introduction:
1.The
Definition
of
Sociolinguistics
and
Its
Sco
2.Language
Varieties
3.Language
Planning
4.Diglossia
5.Bilingualism
and
Multilingualism
6.Code-switching
7.Linguistic
Taboos
and
Euphemisms
8.Language
and
Gender
CASE
STUDY
A
New
York
City
Study
by
William
Labov
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
14、Psycholinguistics
Introduction:
1.The
Definition
of
Psycholinguisti
2.Research
Methods
in
Psycholinguistics
3.Language
Acquisition
4.Language
Production
5.Language
Comprehension
6.Language
and
Though
CASE
STUDY
Rat&Food
Experiment
by
B.F.Skinner
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
15、Neurolinguistics
Introduction:
1.The
Definition
of
Neurolinguisti
2.The
Structure
and
Function
of
the
Human
Brai
3.Methods
in
Neurolinguistics
and
Evidences
for
Lateralization
4.Aphasia
CASE
STUDY
Neurolinguistics
as
an
Interdisciplinary
Field
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
16、Corpus
Linguistics
Introduction:
1.Corpus
2.Famous
Figures
3.Development
of
Corpus
Linguistics
4.Factors
to
Be
Considered
When
Designing
a
Corpus
5.Four
Aspects
Considered
for
A
Diachronic
Multipurpose
Corpus
6.Text
Encoding
and
Annotation
7.Types
of
Corpora
8.Taxonomies
of
Corpora
9.Representative
Corpora
10.Features
of
Corpus
Linguistics
11.Applications
of
Corpora
12.Software
Programs
for
Corpor
13.Strengths
of
Corpus
Linguistics
14.Weaknesses
of
Corpus
Linguistics
15.Future
Trends
CASE
STUDY
Global
Language
Monitor
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
Chapter
17、Stylistics
Introduction:
1.The
Definition
of
Stylisti
2.General
Features
of
the
Literary
Language
3.The
Language
in
Poetr
4.The
Language
in
Fictio
5.The
Language
in
Dram
6.The
Cognitive
Approach
to
Literatur
7.Style
of
English
for
Science
and
Technology
8.Journalistic
English
Style
9.Style
of
English
for
Advertisement
CASE
STUDY
Turn-taking
Style
in
Translation
Exercises
Suggestions
for
Further
Reading
References