《Ancient Chinese Who Left Their Marks on History》内容简介

To understand a country is to understand its people. In this book, we will take you on a tour through the long history of China to recall the life story of 88 important figures who left their personal marks in philosophy, art and literature, religion, science and technology and political movements. ZHANG Ciyun (Peter) born in Shanghai in 1949, graduated from Jilin Normal University, PRC with a major in English and later from Stanford University in the United States with a Master’s Degree in Journalism. Since 1980, he has had extensive experience working in different news agencies in the PRC. Also, he worked in the General Office of the Ministry of Communications as an interpreter and the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality as its Deputy General Director.

作品目录

Introduction
老子
(Lǎo
Zǐ
circa
580、–
470、BC)
A
legendary
philosopher
孔子
(Kǒng
Zǐ
551、–
479、BC)
The
greatest
thinker
墨子
(Mò
Zǐ
468、–
376、BC)
Pacifist
thinker
and
inventor
孟子
(Mèng
Zǐ
372、–
289、BC)
Principal
interpreter
of
Confucianism
庄子
(Zhuāng
Zǐ
circa
369、–
286、BC)
Freewheeling
Taoist
荀子
(Xún
Zǐ
circa
313、–
238、BC)
‘All
humans
are
born
evil’
韩非
(Hán
Fēi
circa
280、–
233、BC)
Sage
of
‘rule
by
fear’
王充
(Wáng
Chōng
27–circa
99、AD)
An
iconoclastic
thinker
朱熹
(Zhū
Xǐ
1130、–
1200)
Foremost
Neo-Confucian
thinker
黄宗羲
(Huáng
Zōngxī
1610、–
1695)
The
Chinese
Rousseau
王夫之
(Wáng
Fūzhī
1619、–
1692)
Enlightenment
thinker
屈原
(Qū
Yuán
circa
340、–
278、BC)
A
great
patriotic
poet
司马相如
(Sīmǎ
Xiàngrú
circa
179、–
118、BC)
The
poet
who
eloped
司马迁
(Sī
Mǎqiān
circa
145、–
90、BC)
Historiography
father
曹植
(Cáo
Zhí
192、–
232、AD)
The
poetical
prodigy
王勃
(Wáng
Bó
649、–
676、AD)
Brief
life,
lasting
fame
陈子昂
(Chén
Zǐ’áng
661、–
702、AD)
Tang
poetry’s
pioneer
李白
(Lǐ
Bái
701、–
762、AD)
The
‘God
of
Poetry’
杜甫
(Dù
Fǔ
712、–
770、AD)
Suffering
poetry
saint
苏轼
(Sū
Shì
1037、–
1011)
A
rare,
versatile
scholar
李清照
(Lǐ
Qīngzhào
1084、–
1151)
Ci’s
finest
female
poet
陆游
(Lù
Yóu
1125、–
1210)
The
patriot
of
poetry
辛弃疾
(Xīn
Qìjī
1140、–
1207)
Lyric
poet
and
patriot
关汉卿
(Guān
Hànqīng
1225、–
1302)
China’s
own
Shakespeare
施耐庵
(Shī
Nài’ān
1296、–
1370)
Author
steeped
in
mystery
吴承恩
(Wú
Chéng’ēn
circa
1501、–
1582)
Man
behind
Monkey
King
曹雪芹
(Cáo
Xuěqín
circa
1715、–
1763、or
1764)
The
author
of
a
great
classic
玄奘
(Xuánzàng
circa
602、–
664、AD)
A
great
Buddhist
monk
惠能
(Huìnéng
638、–
713、AD)
Rustic
patriarch
鲁班
(Lǔ
Bān
circa
507、–
444、BC)
Legendary
master
carpenter
孙武
(Sūn
Wǔ
circa
535、–
480、BC)
Winning
ways
of
ancient
strategist
扁鹊
(Biǎn
Què
circa
407、–
310、BC)
The
first
physician
in
China
蔡伦
(Cài
Lún
circa
61、–
121、AD)
Paper
trail
leads
to
eunuch
Cai
张衡
(Zhāng
Héng
78、–
139、AD)
Inventor
of
the
seismometer
张仲景
(Zhāng
Zhōngjǐng
circa
150、–
219、AD)
Plague
prompts
doctor’s
work
华佗
(Huá
Tuó
circa
145、–
208、AD)
A
pioneering
Chinese
surgeon
祖冲之
(Zǔ
Chōngzhī
429、–
500、AD)
An
early
Chinese
star
of
astronomy
贾思勰
(Jiǎ
Sīxié
end
of
5th
century–mid-6th
century)
Scribe
of
guide
to
farming
郦道元
(Lì
Dàoyuán
circa
470、–
527、AD)
Water
writer
plumbs
new
depths
孙思邈
(Sūn
Sīmiǎo
circa
581、–
682、AD)
The
‘King
of
Medicine’
毕昇
(Bì
Shēng
970、–
1051)
Inventor
of
the
world’s
first
movable
type
technology
沈括
(Shěn
Kuò
1031、–
1095)
China’s
great
scientific
mind
黄道婆
(Huáng
Dàopó
circa
1245、–
1330)
Granny’s
great
innovations
李时珍
(Lǐ
Shízhēn
1518、–
1593)
Saint
of
medicine
and
scribe
of
herbs
徐光启
(Xú
Guāngqǐ
1562、–
1633)
City’s
son
introduces
European
science
詹天佑
(Zhān
Tiānyòu
1861、–
1919)
Father
of
China’s
railways
王羲之
(Wáng
Xīzhī
303、–
361、AD)
Sage
of
Chinese
calligraphy
顾恺之
(Gù
Kǎizhī
348、–
409、AD)
Originator
of
Chinese
painting
吴道子
(Wú
Dàozǐ
680、–
759、AD)
Painter’s
death
a
tall
tale
郑燮
(Zhèng
Xiè
1693、–
1765)
An
eccentric
painter
who’s
‘occasionally
muddle-headed’
管仲
(Guǎn
Zhòng
circa
720、–
645、BC)
Leading
reformer
项羽
(Xiàng
Yǔ
232、–
202、BC)
A
prideful,
tragic
hero
王昭君
(Wáng
Zhāojūn
circa
52、–
20、BC)
A
beautiful
lady
helps
keep
peace
商鞅
(Shāng
Yāng
390、–
338、BC)
A
great
statesman
and
political
reformer
陈胜
(Chén
Shèng
?
–
208、BC)
Leader
of
first
peasant
rebellion
诸葛亮
(Zhūgě
Liàng
181、–
234、AD)
A
godlike
prophet
关羽
(Guān
Yǔ
160、–
219、AD)
Lord
Guan
revered
for
his
bravery
魏征
(Wèi
Zhēng
580、–
643、AD)
Candid
official
earns
great
respect
鉴真
(Jiànzhēn
687、–
763、AD)
Monk
spreads
the
word
in
Japan
包拯
(Bāo
Zhěng
999、–
1062)
Iconic
official
who’s
incorruptible
王安石
(Wáng
Ānshí
1021、–
1068)
Statesman
with
a
gift
for
writin
岳飞
(Yuè
Fēi
1103、–
1142)
A
peerless
general
and
national
hero
文天祥
(Wén
Tiānxiáng
1236、–
1283)
Hero
stays
loyal
to
the
bitter
end
郑和
(Zhèng
Hé
1371、–
1433)
Did
the
admiral
discover
the
New
World?
海瑞
(Hǎi
Ruì
1514、–
1587)
Moral
official
dares
to
criticize
emperor
戚继光
(Qī
Jìguāng
1528、–
1588)
‘Tiger
General’
stops
Japanese
pirates
徐霞客
(Xú
Xiákè
1586、–
1641)
Intrepid
explorer
keeps
a
meticulous
diary
郑成功
(Zhèng
Chénggōng
1624、–
1662)
A
national
hero
who
recaptures
Taiwan
李自成
(Lǐ
Zìchéng
1606、–
1645)
Shortsighted
military
genius
林则徐
(Lín
Zéxú
1785、–
1850)
Patriotic
official
fights
the
opium
trade
龚自珍
(Gōng
Zìzhēn
1792、–
1841)
A
reform-minded
official
and
poet
李鸿章：(Lǐ
Hóngzhāng
1823、–
1901)
Powerful
official
invites
controversy
严复
(Yán
Fù
1854、–
1921)
Educator
pushes
for
modernization
康有为
(Kāng
Yǒuwéi
1858、–
1927)
Reformer
tries
to
change
China
蔡元培
(Cài
Yuánpéi
1868、–
1940)
Educator
supports
civil
rights
movement
陶行知
(Táo
Xíngzhī
1891、–
1946)
A
great
educator
and
reformer
黄帝
(The
Yellow
Emperor
reign
2697、–
2597、BC)
Father
of
this
great
civilization
大禹
(Dà
Yǔ
circa
?
–
2062、BC)
Taming
the
long
and
wild
rivers
of
China
秦始皇
(Qín
Shǐ
Huáng
259、–
210、BC)
The
‘First
Emperor’
of
China
刘邦
(Liú
Bāng
256、–
195、BC)
Founder
of
the
powerful
Han
Dynasty
汉武帝
(Emperor
Wu
of
Han
156、–
87、BC)
Insatiable
ambition
for
territorial
expansion
曹操
(Cáo
Cāo
155、–
220、AD)
Speak
of
his
name
and
he
arrives
李世民
(Lǐ
Shìmín
599、–
649、AD)
Creator
of
a
dynastic
golden
age
武则天
(Wǔ
Zétiān
624、–
705、AD)
The
only
empress
regnant
in
China’s
history
成吉思汗
(Genghis
Khan
1162、–
1227)
Founder
of
the
world’s
largest
empire
朱元璋
(Zhū
Yuánzhāng
1328、–
1398)
From
a
beggar
to
an
emperor
康熙
(Emperor
Kangxi
1654、–
1722)
Longest
reign
brings
prosperity
慈禧太后
(Empress
Dowager
Cixi
1835、–
1908)
Mysterious
‘Queen
without
a
Crown’