夸克.轻子和规范场-第2版 目录

PREFACEI.INTRODUCTION1.1 Particles and Interactio1.2 Gauge Theories of Interactio1.3 Notatio and ConventioII.QUARKS2.1 Internal Symmetries1 Isospin2 The gauge groups3 More general internal symmetries: SU(n)4 Unitary symmetry2.2 Representation of SU(3)1 The basic representation2 Young's tableaux3 Irreducible representatio2.3 The Quark Model1 Quarks as basic triplets2 Quarks as building blocks3 Weight diagrams4 The composition of hadro2.4 Color1 Independent quark model2 Color SU(3) group2.5 Electromagnetic and Weak Probes1 Electromagnetic interactio2 Parton model3 Evidence for color4 Weak interactio2.6 Charm1 The charmed quark2 The J/φ and its family3 Correspondence between quarks and leptoIII.MAXWELL FIELD: U(I) GAUGE THEORY3.1 Global and Local Gauge Invariance3.2 Spontaneous Breaking of Global Gauge Invariance: Goldstone Mode3.3 Spontaneous Breaking of Local Gauge Invariance: Higgs Mode3.4 Classical Finite-Energy Solutio3.5 Magnetic Flux Quantization3.6 Soliton Solutio: Vortex LinesIV.YANG-MILLS FIELDS: NON-ABELIAN GAUGE THEORIES4.1 Introductory Note4.2 Lie Groups1 Structure cotants2 Matrix representatio3 Topological properties4 General remarks4.3 The Yang-Mills Cotructio1 Global gauge invariance2 Local gauge invariance4.4 Properties of Yang-Milis Fields1 Electric and magnetic fields2 Dual teor3 Path representation of the gauge group4.5 Canonical Formalism1 Equatio of motion2 Hamiltonian4.6 Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking1 The little group2 Higgs mechanismV.TOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS5.1 Solito5.2 The Itanton1 Topological charge2 Explicit solution5.3 The Monopole1 Topological stability2 Flux quantization3 Boundary conditio4 Explicit solution5 Physical fields6 Spin from isospinVI.WEINBERG-SALAM MODEL6.1 The Matter Fields6.2 The Gauge Fields1 Gauging SU(2)×U(1)2 Determination of cotants3 Interactio6.3 The General Theory1 Mass terms2 Cabibbo angle3 Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix4 SolitoVII.METHOD OF PATH INTEGRALS7.1 Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics7.2 Quantum Field Theory7.3 External Sources7.4 Euclidean 4-Space7.5 Calculation of Path Integrals7.6 The Feynman .Propagator7.7 Feynman Graphs7.8 Boson Loops and Fermion Loops7.9 Fermion FieldsVIII.QUANTIZATION OF GAUGE FIELDS8.1 Canonical Quantization1 Free Maxwell field2 Pure Yang-Mills fields8.2 Path Integral Method in Hamiltonian Form8.3 Feynman Path Integral: Fadeev-Popov Method8.4 Free Maxwell Field1 Lorentz gauge2 Coulomb gauge3 Temporal and axial gauges8.5 Pure Yang-Mills FieldsI Axial gauge2 Lorentz gauge: Fadeev-Popov ghosts8.6 The 0-World and the Itanton1 Discovering the 0-world2 ltanton as tunneling solution3 The 0-action8.7 Gribov Ambiguity8.8 Projection Operator for Gauss' LawIX.RENORMALIZATION9.1 Charge Renormalization9.2 Perturbative Renormalization in Quantum Electredynamics9.3 The Renormalization Group1 Scale traformatio2 Scaling form3 Fixed points4 Callan-Symanzik equation9.4 Scalar Fields1 Renormalizability2 Φ4 theory3 "Triviality" and the Landau ghost9.5 The Physics of Renormalization1 Renormalization-group traformation2 Real-space renormalization3 Fixed points and relevancy4 Renormalization and univealityAppendix to Chapter 9. Renormalization of QED1 Vertex2 Electron Propagator3 Photon Propagator4 Scaling Properties5 Renormalization6 Gauge Invariance and the Photon MassX.METHOD OF EFFECTIVE POTENTIAL10.1 Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking10.2 The Effective Action10.3 The Effective Potential10.4 The Loop Expaion10.5 One-Loop Effective Potential10.6 Renormalization1 General scheme2 Massive case3 Massless case10.7 Dimeional Tramutation10.8 A Non-Relativistic Example10.9 Application to Weinberg-Salam ModelXI. THE AXIAL ANOMALY11.1 Origin of the Axial Anomaly11.2 The Triangle Graph11.3 Anomalous Divergence of the Chiral Current11.4 Physical Explanation of the Axial Anomaly11.5 Cancellation of Anomalies11.6 't Hooft's PrincipleXII.QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS12.1 General Properties1 Lagrangian deity2 Feynman rules3 Quark-gluon interactio4 Gluon self-interactio12.2 The Color Gyromagnetic Ratio12.3 Asymptotic Freedom1 The running coupling cotant2 The vacuum as magnetic medium3 The Nielsen-Hughes formula12.4 The Pion as Goldstone Boson 1 The low-energy domain2 Chiral symmetry: an idealized limit3 PCAC4 The decay π0→2y5 Exteion to pion octet12.5 The U(1) Puzzle12.6 θ-Worlds in QCD1 Euclidean action2 The axial anomaly and the index theorem3 Chiral limit: Collapse of the 0-worlds4 Quark mass matrix5 Strong CP violationXIII. LATTICE GAUGE THEORY13.1 Wilson's Lattice Action13.2 Trafer Matrix13.3 Lattice Hamiltonian13.4 Lattice Fermio13.5 Wilson Loop and Confinement13.6 Continuum Limit13.7 Monte Carlo MethodsXIV. QUARK CONFINEMENT14.1 Wilson Criterion and Electric Confmement14.2 String Model of Hadro14.3 Superconductivity: Magnetic Confinement1 Experimental manifestation2 Theory3 Mechanism for monopole confinement14.4 Electric and Magnetic Order Paramete14.5 Scenario for Quark ConfinementAppendix to Chapter 14.Symmetry and Confinement1 Quark Propagator2 Center Symmetry3 Confinement as SymmetryINDEX

夸克.轻子和规范场-第2版 内容简介

依据通行的观点，物质的基本彻块是夸克与轻子，它们通过杨-米尔斯规范场的媒介相互作用(在这种场合下引力被忽略了)。这就意味着相互作用的形式是完全由某些内部对称群的代数结构所决定的。于是强相互作用是与SU(3)群相关联的，它是由叫做量子色动力学的规范场理论所描述的。而电一弱相互作用则是与SU(2)XU(1)群相关联的，现在它是由标准的温伯格-萨拉姆模型来描述的。本书简明地介绍了在这些思想背后的动力，以及由此而来的严谨的数学系统表述。