西藏七百年(上下):英文 内容简介

《西藏七百年(英文版)》介绍：When China entered the period of the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), Tubo pledged allegiance to the Central Government and the region became a part of China. Soon after the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) replaced the Yuan Dynasty in 1368, all the representative figures in Tibet received official titles from the Ming court. When the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) replaced the Ming to rule the whole of China, including Tibet, the 5th Dalai Lama was summoned to Beijing for an audience with Emperor Shunzhi in 1625 and received his official title from the Qing court the following year. When the Republic of China (1912-1949) was founded, the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China,enacted under the auspices of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Interim President, stipulated that Tibet was one of the 22 provinces of the Republic of China. When the People's Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949, the Central Government and the local government of Tibet signed the Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet in Beijing on May 23, 1951. Tibet won peaceful liberation in accordance with the agreement.

西藏七百年(上下):英文 本书特色

《西藏七百年(英文版)》由五洲传播出版社出版。

西藏七百年(上下):英文 目录

CHAPTER Ⅰ
YUAN DYNASTY RULE OF AND MANAGEMENT OVER TIBET(1271-1368) 1
How Did the Yuan Central Government Manage Tibet? 1
Yuan Dynasty Rule Over Tubo 5
Xuanzheng Council - Yuan Dynasty Rule Over Tubo 9
An Outline of the Yuan Dynasty Imperial Tutor System 14
Yuan Military and Government Bodies Established in Tibetan-Inhabited Areas 24
Yuan Dynasty Administrative Systems: The Thirteen 10,000-Household Offices in U-Tsang 32
Post Stations in Tubo During the Yuan Dynasty 45
On Subsidies the Yuan Dynasty Gave to the Tibetan-Inhabited Areas 48
CHAPTER Ⅱ
THE MANAGEMENT OF THE MING DYNASTY OVER TIBET(1368-1644) 56
A Brief Account of the Management of the Ming Dynasty over Tibet 56
Relations Between the Ming Dynasty and the Local Pagmo Zhupa Regime of Tibet 69
CHAPTER Ⅲ
THE LEGALIZATION OF THE ADMINISTERIAL POLICIES
FOR TIBET DURING THE EARLY PERIOD OF THE QING DYNASTY(1644-1840) 78
The Administerial Policies for Tibet During the Early Period of the Qing Dynasty 78
Historical Review of Political Status and Authority of Service of the High Commissioner 106
Historical Significance of the Qing Dynasty's System of Drawing Lots from a Golden Urn 127
Promulgation of the 29-Article Ordinance for More Effective Governing of Tibet and Unity of the Motherland 132
Legal Status of the 29-Article Ordinance for More Effective Governing of Tibet 147
CHAPTER Ⅳ
THE LATER PERIOD OF THE O.[NG DYNASTY (1841-1911) 163
Ⅰ. Qing Court Moves to Consolidate Tibetan Affairs in the Post-Opium War Period 163
On Issues Related to High Commissioner Qi Shan's Alteration of the Rules Regarding Tibetan Affairs 163
Ⅱ. Tibetan War of Resistance Against British Aggression and Sino-British Treaties Related to Tibet 171
First British Invasion 171
Tibetan People's First War of Resistance Against the British Invaders 180
Second British Invasion 197
Tibetan People's Second War of Resistance Against the British Invaders 209
Treaties between China and Britain on Tibet 227
Ⅲ. Effort to Handle Tibetan Affairs and Organize New Tibetan Government in the Late Qing Dynasty 242
New Bodies Set Up in Tibet During the Late Period of the Qing Dynasty and Their Activities 253
CHAPTER Ⅴ
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT OVER TIBET DURING THE PERIOD OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA (1912-1949) 265
Policies of the Central Government for Tibet During the Period of the Republic of China 265
Commission for Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs 329
Review of Measures Adopted by the Government of the Republic of China in 1912 to Plan and Manage Tibet 336
The Simla Convention on Which the United Kingdom Conspired to Separate Tibet from China and the Illegal McMahon Line 343
Measures for Safeguarding the Exercise of Sovereignty of Tibet during the Period of the Nationalist Government 358
Relationship between the 132 Dalai Lama and the Central Government During the Republic of China 383
Wu Zhongxin Goes to Tibet to Preside over the 142 Dalai Lamas Sitting-in-Bed Ceremony 388
Discovery of the 10th Panchen Lama and His Sitting-in-Bed Ceremony 394
British Support for "Tibetan Independence" Campaign 396
Truth About the "Tibetan Delegation" Attending the Asian Relations Convention 410
Living Buddha Razheng Murdered 416
CHAPTER Ⅵ
PEACEFUL LIBERATION OF TIBET IN 1951 AFTER THE FOUNDATION OF THE PRC 462
Historical Research on the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet 462
"It Is Better to March into Tibet as Soon as Possible"-The Wise Policy of Chairman Mao on Liberating Tibet 492
Marching Into Tibet and Opening the Door to Peace Talks 494
The Agreement Between the Central People's Government and the Local Government of Tibet on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet 503
Peacefully Marching Into Lhasa 508
Zhang Jingwu Sent to Tibet as Central Government Representative%

西藏七百年(上下):英文 节选

In 1251, Sapan and Godan both died in Liangzhou. After Sapan's death,his nephew Pagba was still learning scripture in the Huanhua Monastery in Liangzhou. At that time, there was a fierce internal power struggle among the leading members of the Mongol ruling class, and at last Monge ascended the throne as the Khan in this year. In 1252, Kublai Khan received orders from Monge to lead a military expedition to Dali.
In about 1253, when Kuhlai Khan was garrisoning his army in Liupanshan,Pagba as well as Mongodo, the son of Godan, met with Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan presented Mongodo with 100 Mongol cavalrymen and asked Pagba to stay. This was the first meeting of Pagba and Kublai Khan. Pagba would later become the most respected and honoured Buddhist monk in China.
Kublai Khan had a good opinion of this modest and well-mannered young monk, and was impressed with his profound knowledge. Kublai Khan asked Pagba about the history of Tibet, and Pagba related the deeds of Songtsam Gambo, Trisum Detsan and other tsampos (kings) of the Tubo Kingdom. After listening to Kublai Khan who ordered people to consult the Chinese historical books. These books confirmed the veracity of what Pagba had related. Thus,Kublai Khan gained an even more favorable impression of Pagba. The History of the Yuan Dynasty reads "Pagba could recite hundreds of thousands of lines at the age of 7."
Although there may be some exaggeration here, there can be no doubt that Pagba was wise and intelligent, diligent and scholarly. He was taught by his uncle Sapan. Sapan was famed as a wise man who had profound knowledge and was most accomplished in the"Pancavidya (Five Studies)", and had made great achievements in Buddhism and history during his youth. As a result it was entirely reasonable that Pagba should have won the special favor of Kublai Khan.
Mongol rulers of the day treated Buddhism and Taoism equally without discrimination, but there was plenty of enmity between the two religions. Each hurled accusations and threats at the other as they sought to gain Mongol preferential treatment. Then in 1258 Monge Khan gave orders that therepresentatives of Buddhism and Taoism were to be called together for a debate.
During this debate, Pagba demonstrated his profound knowledge and eloquence. Buddhism effectively won the debate. In 1260, when Kublai Khan ascended to the Khan throne, he immediately appointed Pagba the Imperial Tutor.

西藏七百年(上下):英文 节选

In 1251, Sapan and Godan both died in Liangzhou. After Sapan's death,his nephew Pagba was still learning scripture in the Huanhua Monastery in Liangzhou. At that time, there was a fierce internal power struggle among the leading members of the Mongol ruling class, and at last Monge ascended the throne as the Khan in this year. In 1252, Kublai Khan received orders from Monge to lead a military expedition to Dali.
In about 1253, when Kuhlai Khan was garrisoning his army in Liupanshan,Pagba as well as Mongodo, the son of Godan, met with Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan presented Mongodo with 100 Mongol cavalrymen and asked Pagba to stay. This was the first meeting of Pagba and Kublai Khan. Pagba would later become the most respected and honoured Buddhist monk in China.
Kublai Khan had a good opinion of this modest and well-mannered young monk, and was impressed with his profound knowledge. Kublai Khan asked Pagba about the history of Tibet, and Pagba related the deeds of Songtsam Gambo, Trisum Detsan and other tsampos (kings) of the Tubo Kingdom. After listening to Kublai Khan who ordered people to consult the Chinese historical books. These books confirmed the veracity of what Pagba had related. Thus,Kublai Khan gained an even more favorable impression of Pagba. The History of the Yuan Dynasty reads "Pagba could recite hundreds of thousands of lines at the age of 7."
Although there may be some exaggeration here, there can be no doubt that Pagba was wise and intelligent, diligent and scholarly. He was taught by his uncle Sapan. Sapan was famed as a wise man who had profound knowledge and was most accomplished in the"Pancavidya (Five Studies)", and had made great achievements in Buddhism and history during his youth. As a result it was entirely reasonable that Pagba should have won the special favor of Kublai Khan.
Mongol rulers of the day treated Buddhism and Taoism equally without discrimination, but there was plenty of enmity between the two religions. Each hurled accusations and threats at the other as they sought to gain Mongol preferential treatment. Then in 1258 Monge Khan gave orders that therepresentatives of Buddhism and Taoism were to be called together for a debate.
During this debate, Pagba demonstrated his profound knowledge and eloquence. Buddhism effectively won the debate. In 1260, when Kublai Khan ascended to the Khan throne, he immediately appointed Pagba the Imperial Tutor.